[605] Sarah Butler and Mark Sweney, “Iceland’s Christmas TV Advert Rejected for Being Political,” The Guardian, November 9, 2018.
[606] Magda Ibrahim, “Iceland’s ‘Rang-Tan’ Ad Hits 30m Views Online and Prompts Petition,” PR Week, November 13, 2018.
[607] 淳據IndexMundi。[domain]。一九八一年：十萬零四千公噸。一九八五年：二十六萬八千公噸。
[608] Susan M. Martin, The UP Saga (Copenhagen: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies Press, 2003), 276.
[609] Carole Sugarman, “A Slick War of Words,” Washington Post, April 29, 1987.
[610] Barbara Crossette, “International Report: Malaysia Opposes Labels on Palm Oil,” New York Times, October 19, 1987.
[611] Sugarman.
[612] Shakila Yacob, “Government, Business and Lobbyists: The Politics of Palm Oil in US–Malaysia Relations,” The International History Review, May 1, 2018: 921.
[613] Steven Pratt, “World Grease War Slides into a Slugfest,”Chicago Tribune, October 15, 1987.
[614] Martin, The UP Saga, 277.
[615] Yacob.
[616] Martin, The UP Saga, 277.
[617] Douglas C. McGill, “Tropical-Oil Exporters Seek Reprieve in U.S.,” New York Times, February 3, 1989.
[618] “Tropical Fats Labeling: Malaysians Counterattack ASA Drive,” Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 64, no. 12 (1987): 1956，引自Nina Teicholz, The Big Fat Surprise (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2014), 236.
[619] Yacob, 910.
[620] CIFOR, “An Open Letter About Scientific Credibility and the Conservation of Tropical Forests,” Forest News, October 26, 2010. 另請見，Rhett Butler, “Scientists Blast Greenwashing by Front Groups,” Mongabay, October 27, 2010.
[621] Alex Helan, “Greenwash and Spin: Palm Oil Lobby Targets Its Critics,” The Ecologist, July 8, 2011. 另請見，Hanim Adnan, “Up Close with Pro-Palm Oil Lobbyist Alan Oxley,” The Star, August 14, 2010.
[622] 淳據公司的網站資料。[domain].
[623] Ian Burrell and Martin Hickman, “Special Investigation:TV Company Takes Millions from Malaysian Government to Make Documentaries for BBC... About Malaysia,” The Independent, August 17, 2011.
[624] “Taib Paid Out $5 Million to Attack Sarawak Report!——International Expose,” Sarawak Report, August 1, 2011.
[625] Ian Burrell, “Firm in BBC News-Fixing Row Targeted Poverty Guru,” The Independent, November 17, 2011。（薩赫士有一次告訴《衛報》的達米恩．卡靈頓（Damian Carrington），他「從來沒想過也從未收過森那美集團的一毛錢」，也「不會擔任森那美的「大使」或「冠軍」。」對於該公司支付FBC錢一事，他表示並不知情。請見“Jeffrey Sachs Stung by the Corrosive Mix of Palm Oil and Publicity,” The Guardian, November 17, 2011。）
[626] Ian Burrell, “Company in News-Fixing Row Goes into Administration,” The Independent, October 28, 2011.
[627] Sarah Hucal, “The Italians Fighting Against ‘an Invasion’of Palm Oil,” The Guardian, December 9, 2015.
[628] Hucal.
[629] Niamh Michail, “Ferrero Defends Palm Oil in Nutella with Advert Against ‘Unfair Smear Campaign,’ ” Food Navigator, December 5, 2017.
[630] EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain,“Risks for Human Health Related to the Presence of 3- and 2-monochloropropanediol (MCPD), and Their Fatty Acid Esters, and Glycidyl Fatty Acid Esters in Food,” EFSA Journal, May 10, 2016.
[631] Francesca Landini and Giancarlo Navach,“Nutella Maker Fights Back on Palm Oil After Cancer Risk Study,” Reuters, January 11, 2017.
[632] Sybille de La Hamaide, “French Parliament Scraps Planned Extra Tax on Palm Oil,” Reuters, June 23, 2016.
[633] Arthur Neslen and Joe Sandler Clarke, “French Politicians Scrapped Palm Oil Tax After Indonesia Execution Warning,” DeSmog, March 18, 2019.
[634] Niamh Michail, “French MPs Drop Palm Oil Tax—but Accuse Producer Countries of Blackmail,” Food Navigator, June 26, 2016.
[635] Loren Bell, “139 Scientists Shoot Down ‘Misleading’Reports from Malaysia Peat Congress,” Mongabay, October 4, 2016.
[636] A. Ananthalaksmi and Emily Chow, “Fearing Tobacco’s Fate, Palm Oil Industry Fights Back,” Reuters, August 21, 2019.
[637] Jake Tapper and Max Culhane, “Al Gore YouTube Spoof Not So Amateurish,” ABC News, August 5, 2006.
[638] “DCI Group Background,” DeSmog. [domain].
[639] Dave Levinthal, “Lobbying Firm Fires 12,” Politico, April 17, 2012.
[640] Marc Ambinder, “The DCI Group Responds on Burma,” The Atlantic, May 19, 2008.
[641] Mike McIntire, “Odd Alliance: Business Lobby and Tea Party,” New York Times, March 30, 2011.
[642] Ananthalaksmi and Chow, of Reuters.
[643] Joe Sandler Clarke, “How Palm Oil Sparked a Diplomatic Row Between Europe and Southeast Asia,” Unearthed, March 18, 2009.
[644] Ananthalaksmi and Chow.
[645] Hans Nicholas Jong, “Indonesian Oil Palm Smallholders Sue State over Subsidy to Biofuel Producers,” Mongabay, April 24, 2018.
[646] Laura Villadiego, “Precarious Employment, Lower Pay and Exposure to Chemicals: The Gender Divide in the Palm Oil Industry,” Equal Times, July 3, 2017.
[647] Malay Mail staff, “Migrant Workers in Oil Palm Plantations Deserve Better Treatment—Tenaganita,” Malay Mail, September 25, 2018。三十八點四六馬來西亞令吉等於九點二二美元。
[648] 資料出自於“Malaysia’s Richest”與“Indonesia’s Richest,” Forbes, October 2020. 另請見，“Tycoons in the Indonesian Palm Oil Sector 2018,” TuK Indonesia. [domain].
[649] 我和菲佛在二〇一七年十一月二十九应通電話。Dr. Bruce Fife, The Palm Oil Miracle (Colorado Springs: Picadilly Books, 2007)。
[650] Stan Diel, “Birmingham-Based Internet College to Close, Blames Economy,” zhaiyuedu.com, July 10, 2010.
[651] Stan Diel, “Former Clayton College Students to Get up to $2.31 Million, Tuition Discounts,” zhaiyuedu.com, November 18, 2011.
[652] Sowmya Kadandale et al., “Palm Oil Industry and Noncommunicable Diseases,” World Health Organization Bulletin, January 2019.
[653] Bernama, “Council Accuses WHO of ‘Cherry-Picking’in Study Against Palm Oil,” FMT News, January 10, 2019.
[654] Ananthalaksmi and Chow.
